Belvoir St Theatre [2010] David Hare's Berlin/Wall. [online] http://www.belvoir.com.au/340_whatson_archive.php?production_id=272 [17/03/2010]
WNYC (2009) "Berlin/Wall". [online] http://www.wnyc.org/shows/lopate/episodes/2009/05/12/segments/131671 [17/03/2010]
Wednesday, 17 March 2010
Tuesday, 16 March 2010
Germany through Express
Michael Cummings
15 Nov 1989
Express editorial cartoons, published days within the opening of the Berlin Wall and the German unification, relate Germany to its Nazi past - a view similarly shared by Margaret Thatcher.
Ronald Carl Giles
7 Oct 1990
Cummings, M. (1989) Artist:Michael Cummings. [online] http://www.cartoons.ac.uk/browse/cartoon_item/anytext=german%20unification?page=6 [16/03/2010]Giles, R.C. (1990) Artist:Giles; Ronald Carl (1916-1995). [online] http://www.cartoons.ac.uk/browse/cartoon_item/anytext=german%20unification?page=8 [16/03/2010]
Sunday, 14 March 2010
Wall on the Head
"Hair sculpture is an artistic journey into ancient memory" and "transcends boundaries of culture, the plastic arts, performance and fashion" (Niedzialek, 2007).
Berlin Wall
Glasnot [sic] and America the Beautiful
A Hotel on the Border Strip
Etienne Boulanger has built a two-star hotel room where the militralised Berlin Wall border strip used to run. It has a double-bed, a shower, TV, but has no window as it is a room built inside a billboard block (ITN, 2009). The Single Room Hotel was a project to explore "concerns linked to architecture and inconspicuousness in an urban environment and reveals the mechanisms of production and development of temporarily marginalized spaces" at Skulpturenpark Berlin Zentrum, and guests could book the 32m sq room for 29.95 euro (Boulanger, 2008).
Boulanger, E. (2008) Single Room Hotel Berlin. [online] http://www.etienneboulanger.com/singleroomhotel/ [14/03/2010]
ITN (2009) Windowless Hotel Launched in Berlin. [online] http://itn.co.uk/1a75e8bc70a54b1710dd8159bee12041.html [14/03/2010]
Skulpturenpark Berlin Zentrum (2007) Exhibitions : Spekulationen - November 2007 - March 2008. [online] http://www.skulpturenpark.org/exhibit/spekexhibit/boul.html [14/03/2010]
Questions Asked, 20 Years On
What caused the Berlin Wall to open up, leading onto the changes in Europe, and how did the changes follow? Packer (2009) claims "multiplicity of conditions" - such as dissidents' protests and the American support, failing economy in the Eastern bloc, the loss of confidence among the ruling elites, and Gorbachev's forbearing attitude - brought changes in Europe in 1989. Packer argues that it was a rare combination of circumstances and it should not be expected generally;
"a false lesson drawn from 1989 involves a kind of shallow eschatology of totalitarianism: this is how it always happens—the people rise up, the regime withers and dies, peace and democracy reign." (Packer, 2009)
By Tom Bachtell
There are doubts about how democracy had prevailed over other political ideals, as Fukuyama (1989) proclaimed, we have reached "the end point of mankind's ideological evolution and the universalization of Western liberal democracy". Morozov (2009) writes that even though the world is more democratic than it was 20 years ago, it is not as democratic as we expected. Authoritarian governments have taken up technology and new media and raptures of within oppresive states are caused by globalisation, not technology, he claims. "The Berlin Wall may have fallen, but the Chinese Firewall has been erected in its place" (Morozov, 2008).
O MURO QUE DIVIDIA
UMA CIDADE - E O MUNDO by Neal Levene (2009)
Fukuyama, F. (1989) The End of History? The National Interest, Summer 1989. [online] http://www.unc.edu/home/rlstev/Text/Fukuyama%20End%20of%20History.pdf [14/03/2010]
Morozov, E. (2008) Digital Renegades, or Captives? [online] http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/11/opinion/11iht-edmorozov.1.18595125.html?_r=1 [14/03/2010]
Packer, G. (2009) November 9th. [online] http://www.newyorker.com/talk/comment/2009/11/16/091116taco_talk_packer [14/03/2010]
Helmut Kohl: No Team Player
The German Chancellor Helmut Kohl announced his 10-point unification plan less than 3 weeks after the opening of the Wall, where he had made no discussion with his coalition partners in Bonn, nor with the allies (Blitz, 2009 & American Embassy Bonn, 1989).
This did not help the situation which Blitz (2009) describe, that “within days of the wall coming down, euphoria had given way to dissent as the leaders of Britain and France contemplated the imminent emergence of a united Germany”. He also rejected the GDR's leader Hans Modrow's proposal on neutral Germany, in February 1990 (Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs, 2009), which could imply that he did not reflect many views regarding the unification of Germany.
American Embassy Bonn (1989) Page 01: Bonn 37736 01 Of 02 011749Z. [online] http://www.wilsoncenter.org/cwihp/documentreaders/eotcw/891201b.pdf [14/03/2010]
Blitz, J. (2009) Mitterrand Feared Emergence of ‘Bad’ Germans. [online] http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/886192ba-9d7d-11de-9f4a-00144feabdc0.html?nclick_check=1 [14/03/2010]
Bozo, F. (2009) Thatcher’s European Delusions. [online] http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2009/11/thatchers-european-delusions/ [14/03/2010]
Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs (2009) Background Note: Germany. [online] http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3997.htm [14/03/2010]
Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs (2009) Background Note: Germany. [online] http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3997.htm [14/03/2010]
GHDI (trans. Riemer, J.) (1989) Helmut Kohl's Ten-Point Plan for German Unity (November 28, 1989). [online] http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=223 [14/03/2010]
Volkery, C. (2009) The Iron Lady's Views on German Reunification: 'The Germans Are Back!' [online] http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/0,1518,648364,00.html [14/03/2010]
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